Wrench



H. W. WATSON.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 29. 1919.

1,330,151. Patented Feb. 10,1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

JNVE/VTOR H- w. mvrson A TTORNEYS unrrnn PATENT onnron.

HARRY WASHINGTON WATSON, 0F MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE.

.W-RENCH.

Shelby and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates toimprov'ements in wrenches, and more particularly to that-type of wrenches wherein diflerentsized sockets or spanners are used iforvarious sized nuts.

An object of my invention is to provide a wrench structure by which nuts may be quickly runup or down on a bolt and then tightly locked in place. I

Another object -sto provide a wrench that can'beused with varioussized nuts.

With these :andother objects in view, my invention consists in certain novel features of construction, arrangement and combination of'parts, as'will be hereinafter fullydescribed and pointed out in the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in -which Figure 1 is aside elevation of my wrench device as in use,

:Fig. 2 is a top plan viewofthe head-and handle of the same, V

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the head shown in Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a bottomplan-view of the wrench with lower collar removed,

Fig. 5 is a top plan new of the lower collar, a

Fig.6 .is a perspective View ofa collet used with my device, I

I Fig. 7 is a similar view-ofacap socket member, V

Fig. 8 is a perspective'view of aspring u-sedto :actuate a dogor pawl,

Fig.9 is a perspective *view of one ofthe dogs or paw'l's.

Referring more specifically to the drawings, A represents a wrench head or easing which is made of steel or other suitablema' terial, the handle B being preferably integralv therewith and projecting off to :.tone si'dethere'of. The head is suitablyeored'out to form a lower chamber C, and having'a circular opening D through the upper wall thereof. I

The lower face of the head is cored out to form suitable spaces E-E diametrically op- Figs. 1 and 3.

I Specification of Letters'Patent. Patented Feb; 10 1920, Application file'd Marches, 1919. Serial No. 286,055.

: posite each other within which are pivotally mountedthe dogs or pawls F which are exactly alike and provided withnoses G-Gr,

the purpose of which will be later described.

.At points diametrically opposite each other and in a planeperpendicular to the plane of the spaces containing the dogs, the lower face-of the head is cored out to form the T-shaped spaces HH, the stem portion of the T extending through the side walls of the head and constituting the stem of'another T-shaped slot I in the side wall, that is a double bayonet joint slot, as shown in A collar or face plateJ having a central opening K somewhat smaller than the lower open endofthecase is provided on its inner face with diametrically oppositely disposed studs L'L having outwardly projecting lugs M--M at their upper ends whichlugs project up into vertical portions N of the double-bayonet slot and are then turned with the collar to occupy the horizontal portion of said slot I. V

A collet O is seated on this collar and held in place thereby, the collet having a central opening P the shape and approxiniatelythe size'ofthe nut to be operated on. The outer wall'of collet O is provided with notches 0 to receive the ends ofthe dogs F, while the upper face of the collet is provided avith ribs Q, arranged in pairs at right angles to each other. This collet with the turning memberR constitute the socketfo'rthe wrench, 'it having a'central opening corresponding in'shape andsize to the'centrahopeningof the collet, and is inthe backsofthedogs.

The various instrumentalities of the wrench are assembled in the following manner, assumlng that they have already been separately manufactured The collet having the desired central opening is placed on the collar J in proper relative position. The cap socket R is then superposed on the collet, the ribs and grooves interlocking; these three members are then engaged with the head by passing them into the cored out lower end, the lugs L entering the vertical the lugs moving into the right hand portion of the horizontal part of the bayonet slot, until it reaches the closed end thereof.

The wrench is now ready for use and the socket opening used to engage the nut is adapted to slight variations 1n size of nuts.

For instance, one socket will operatively fit a one-inch, a three-quarter,- and seveneighths nut, and each collet used will allow for three sizes of nuts.

In the non-circular opening in the top of the cap socket is to be placed one end of a crank V, such end being non-circular (preferably rectangular) while the'opposite end of the crank is provided with a handle.

The manner of using the wrench is as follows :The-collet and cap socket is fitted over the nut which is on a bolt or stud, by holding the handle member in one hand, and with the other hand the non-circular end of the crank is inserted in the socket in the colwith respect to the notches andflcollet; the crank is then turned in the reverse direction whereupon the nut will rapidly run up and off the bolt.

' From-the above itwill be seen that I pro-,

duce a Wrench which can be used for quickly running up a nut and securely looking it in place, and one in which the nut can be run off with equal rapidity, without the necessity of the workman having toput his'hand or hands on the nut. r

I claim V 1. A Wrench comprising a shankor handle and a head having a cored'chamberin its lower end,.and a circular-opening through its upper end, a rotary socket member rotatat diametrically opposite points, an annular collar at the lower end of said chamber, lugs carried by said collar and engaging said slots, anotched collethaving a nut socket V and supported on said collar, a spring controlled dog carried in said cored chamber and adapted to engage the said notched collet,

"a cap socket mounted on said collet and in interlocked relation therewith, a -rcolla'r carried-by said cap socket and fitted within the circular opening in the top. of the head, said collar having a non-circular socket in its upper portion, and a crank having a non circular end adapted to fit in saidnon-circw' lar socket, whereby the interlocked cap socket and interlocked collet may be'rotate'd independently of the wrench: head.

3. A wrench comprising a rigid head and a handle extending transversely therefrom,

the lower end .of said head having a cored 5 out chamber, and bayonet slots in'its side walls at diametricallyopposite points, an annular collar at the lower end of said cham ber, lugs carried by said collar and engaging said slots, a notched collet having a nut socket and supported on said collar oppositely positioned spring controlled dogs carried in said cored chamber and adapted to engage said notched collet, a cap socket mounted on said collet and in interlocked relation therewith, a circular collar carried by said cap socket and fitted within the circular opening in the top of the head, said collar having a non-circular end adapted to fit in said non-circular socket, whereby the interlocked cap socketv and collet may be rotated'independently of the wrench head. 4. A wrench comprising a shank-or handle and a head, said head having a cored chamber in its lower end'and a circular opening through its upper end, a socket mem ber rotatably mounted in saidchamber, a collar member carried at the lower end of said head and supporting the rotatable socket member, said collar member removably held to the lower. end of the head by bayonet jointconnection, and-means carried by the socket member whereby it may be rotated independently of the head and supporting collar. V

HARRY WASHINGTON .WATSON'L 

